Author Archives
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State Recognition of Genocide
Reading Time: 5 minutesDisponible en français. Genocide, a crime under international law, has been officially recognized in several cases by national or international courts and tribunals, such as the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda. However, states, non-governmental organizations and intergovernmental organizations such as… Read More ›
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The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer: When Science is a Catalyst for Global Action
Reading Time: 5 minutesDisponible en français. International Ozone Protection Day, or World Ozone Day, is marked every year on 16 September – the date the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer (the Montreal Protocol) was signed in 1987. This HillNote… Read More ›
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Executive Summary – Language Regimes in the Provinces and Territories
Reading Time: 2 minutesDisponible en français. This HillStudy presents a non-exhaustive overview of the language regimes in place in the provinces and territories, and it briefly describes the main features of each one. In Canada, jurisdiction over language is shared between the various levels… Read More ›
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Understanding Gender and Sexual Diversity Terminology
Reading Time: 5 minutesDisponible en français. In Canada, the Canadian Human Rights Act prohibits discrimination based on certain grounds, including sex, sexual orientation (since 1996), gender expression and gender identity (since 2017). These terms are often used in the parliamentary context, including in… Read More ›
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The Constitution, Carbon Pricing and Environmental Assessment
Reading Time: 5 minutesDisponible en français. Two environmental laws. Two constitutional challenges. Two Supreme Court of Canada (Supreme Court) opinions. Two different outcomes. An examination of two recent environmental law cases demonstrates the reach and limitations of the federal government’s ability to make… Read More ›
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Recent Evolution of Canadian Immigration Policy
Reading Time: 8 minutesDisponible en français. Under Section 94 of the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act, which came into effect 28 June 2002, the Minister of Citizenship and Immigration is required to table an annual report to Parliament on the immigration initiatives and actions… Read More ›
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Mapping Canada’s Urban and Rural Landscape
Reading Time: 7 minutesDisponible en français. More than 80 percent of Canadians live in cities and towns, while the remaining population is spread across the country’s vast rural and remote areas. These rural communities represent a demographic with unique characteristics, contributions and challenges. The… Read More ›
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Wildfire Management: A Statistical and Jurisdictional Portrait
Reading Time: 7 minutesDisponible en français. The size and impact of wildfires in Canada has grown over the past 20 years. This HillNote provides a statistical portrait of wildfires in Canada since 2005, including the personnel mobilized to respond to them and the… Read More ›
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Celebrating Indigenous Leadership in Elementary and Secondary Education
Reading Time: 6 minutesDisponible en français. On 21 June, National Indigenous Peoples Day, communities across Canada hold events that celebrate Indigenous cultures and contributions. To highlight this special day, the following HillNote focuses on examples of Indigenous leadership in elementary and secondary education,… Read More ›
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The Home Insurance Market and Severe Weather Events in Canada
Reading Time: 6 minutesDisponible en français. Given the growing frequency and intensity of severe weather events around the world, like hurricanes, wildfires, floods and violent storms, households have had to make increasingly costly home insurance claims. Canada has not been spared; it even… Read More ›