Reading Time: 2 minutes Disponible en français. Refugees are people who flee their countries because they have a well-founded fear of persecution. Once refugees arrive in another country and seek asylum, international law protects them from being sent back to face serious threats. Of course,… Read More ›
Government, Parliament and politics
Executive Summary – Distribution of Federal Revenues and Expenditures by Province, 2011–2020: A Snapshot at the Beginning of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Reading Time: < 1 minute Disponible en français. The federal government collects revenues and makes expenditures in all provinces. Per capita federal revenues and spending vary from province to province, depending on the economic and demographic conditions in each province. Sources of federal revenues include personal… Read More ›
The 2023 Federal Budget at a Glance
Reading Time: 3 minutes Disponible en français. The federal budget outlines the government’s revenue estimates and expenditure priorities for the fiscal year. It is a key component of the parliamentary financial cycle. The outlook for budgetary revenues and expenses can be found in tables… Read More ›
Executive Summary – The Canadian Electoral System: Questions and Answers
Reading Time: 2 minutes Disponible en français. Canadian electoral law has grown in complexity and it continues to evolve. The administration of elections was haphazard and highly politicized in the early years after Confederation. Since then, two fundamental changes have been made to the Canadian electoral… Read More ›
Executive Summary – The Process for Readjusting the Seat Count in the House of Commons and the Boundaries of Electoral Districts
Reading Time: 2 minutes Disponible en français. After each decennial census – the federally run count of Canada’s total population that occurs every 10 years – the number of members of the House of Commons and the representation of each province are adjusted according… Read More ›
Executive Summary – Omnibus Bills: Frequently Asked Questions
Reading Time: 2 minutes Disponible en français. For about 150 years, the term “omnibus bill” went without a firm definition in the procedural rules of either the Senate or the House of Commons. Often when omnibus bills were introduced, questions arose about their nature,… Read More ›
Coming into Force of Federal Legislation: A Practical Guide
Reading Time: 6 minutes Disponible en français. Following Royal Assent, a federal bill becomes an Act of Parliament and is printed as a chapter in the Statutes of Canada. However, the provisions in that Act do not produce legal effects until they have come… Read More ›
Canada’s Defence Policy Statements: Change and Continuity
Reading Time: 5 minutes Disponible en français. In June 2017, the Government of Canada released its most recent defence policy statement: Strong, Secure, Engaged: Canada’s Defence Policy (SSE). SSE outlines Canada’s defence priorities for a 20-year period. In the 2022 federal budget, the government… Read More ›
Violence Against Politicians in Canada and Internationally
Reading Time: 5 minutes Disponible en français. In June 2022, the Minister of Public Safety announced that all members of Parliament are to receive mobile duress devices, or “panic buttons.” This was in response to threats and safety concerns that are on the rise for… Read More ›
The Parliament of Canada and the Francophonie
Reading Time: 5 minutes Disponible en français. On 8 July 2022, a Canadian parliamentarian [in French] was elected president of the Assemblée parlementaire de la Francophonie (APF) for a two-year term. The APF is the parliamentary arm of what is referred to as the “institutional… Read More ›