Reading Time: 6 minutesDisponible en français. In March 2018, Canada and 10 other jurisdictions in the Asia–Pacific region signed the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP or the Agreement). Since then, several jurisdictions have expressed an interest in acceding to the Agreement,… Read More ›
Business, industry and trade
Gasoline Prices in Canada: What Causes Variation?
Reading Time: 10 minutesDisponible en français. Gasoline prices are highly volatile and vary across regions. While retail prices are visible to consumers, the factors that determine them are less apparent. Crude oil prices are the major driver of gasoline prices (see Figure 1);… Read More ›
Executive Summary – Canada’s Supply Management System
Reading Time: < 1 minuteDisponible en français. Supply management, established in the 1970s for the dairy, poultry and egg sectors, is a key component of Canada’s agricultural policy. This system was introduced in response to major price instability in the agriculture sector in previous… Read More ›
Executive Summary – VIA Rail: Its Past, Its Present and the High-Speed Rail Project
Reading Time: 2 minutesDisponible en français. For several decades, VIA Rail Canada Inc. (VIA Rail), a Crown corporation created in 1977, has had limited ability to improve service because most of its trains operate on tracks shared with freight trains. VIA Rail relies heavily on funding from the Government… Read More ›
Ratifying the Canada–European Union Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement: Some Recent Developments
Reading Time: 7 minutesDisponible en français. The Canada–European Union (EU) Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) was signed in October 2016. Since then, the Canadian and European parliaments have adopted the agreement, and 17 of the EU’s 27 member states have ratified it…. Read More ›
The Critical Minerals Supply Chain: Building Canada’s Resilience
Reading Time: 7 minutesDisponible en français. In recent years, global demand for minerals and metals has grown significantly, driven primarily by an energy transition and technological advances. With vast mineral resources and a strong industrial capacity, Canada could position itself to take advantage… Read More ›
What Is Canada’s Productivity Performance and How Does It Compare to Other Countries?
Reading Time: 4 minutesDisponible en français. This HillNote compares Canada’s productivity performance with that of other Group of Seven (G7) countries and Australia, which has a resource-rich economy that is similar to Canada’s. The HillNote is the second in a four-part series on… Read More ›
Potash and the Canada–United States Trade Relationship
Reading Time: 5 minutesDisponible en français. In early 2025, Canadian potash exports became an important issue in the changing trade relationship between Canada and the United States (U.S.). Potash refers to a group of minerals and chemicals that contain potassium, an element vital… Read More ›
What is Productivity and Why Does it Matter?
Reading Time: 5 minutesDisponible en français. This HillNote is the first in a series of four publications about productivity. The second in the series presents Canada’s productivity performance compared to other advanced economies. The third analyzes the main potential causes of Canada’s relatively… Read More ›
U.S. Tariffs on Canadian Goods: Future Possibilities, Past Experiences
Reading Time: 5 minutesDisponible en français. The United States (U.S.) is Canada’s largest trading partner, and U.S. trade-related actions can have significant impacts on Canada. As Canada faces the prospect of U.S. tariffs in 2025, a summary of U.S. President Donald Trump’s comments… Read More ›