Author Archives
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The International Framework for Gender Equality
Reading Time: 6 minutesDisponible en français. The year 2025 marks several significant anniversaries for international gender equality mechanisms. These include the 30th anniversary of the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action (the Beijing Declaration), the 25th anniversary of United Nations (UN) Security Council… Read More ›
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U.S. Tariffs on Canadian Goods: Future Possibilities, Past Experiences
Reading Time: 5 minutesDisponible en français. The United States (U.S.) is Canada’s largest trading partner, and U.S. trade-related actions can have significant impacts on Canada. As Canada faces the prospect of U.S. tariffs in 2025, a summary of U.S. President Donald Trump’s comments… Read More ›
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Long-Term Care Facilities in Canada: How Are They Funded and Regulated?
Reading Time: 6 minutesDisponible en français. According to census data, approximately 185,000 people lived in Canada’s long-term care (LTC) facilities in 2021. Health Canada defines residential LTC as “living accommodation for people who require on-site delivery of 24 hour, 7 days a week… Read More ›
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Executive Summary – The Notwithstanding Clause of the Charter
Reading Time: < 1 minuteDisponible en français. Section 33(1) of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms (the Charter) permits Parliament or the legislature of a province to adopt legislation to override certain rights and freedoms for a limited period, subject to renewal. Such a use… Read More ›
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Executive Summary – Understanding the Public Accounts of Canada
Reading Time: < 1 minuteDisponible en français. The Public Accounts of Canada is an annual report of the Government of Canada’s financial activities for the fiscal year ending each 31 March. It includes consolidated financial statements, summaries of various financial reports, and additional analysis and information. It does not include Canada Pension Plan… Read More ›
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Executive Summary – The Federal Lobbying System: The Lobbying Act and the Lobbyists’ Code of Conduct
Reading Time: 2 minutesDisponible en français. The preamble to the Lobbying Act states that free and open access to government is an important matter of public interest, that lobbying public office holders is a legitimate activity, that it is desirable for public office holders and… Read More ›
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Executive Summary – Measuring Democracy
Reading Time: < 1 minuteDisponible en français. Measuring Democracy examines three widely used democracy indexes: those produced by Freedom House, the Economist Intelligence Unit, and Varieties of Democracy (V‑Dem). This HillStudy explains how these indexes work, how each index evaluates the state of democracy in Canada, how they differ from each other and some possible limitations of… Read More ›
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Executive Summary – Section 15 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms: The Development of the Supreme Court of Canada’s Approach to Equality Rights Under the Charter
Reading Time: 2 minutesDisponible en français. Section 15 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms sets out the right to equal protection and equal benefit of the law without discrimination. The Supreme Court of Canada (the Court) has consistently interpreted this right as protecting substantive equality. This means that laws – as well as government activities and policies – must not simply treat people the same. Instead, the effect… Read More ›
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Executive Summary – Conflict of Interest at the Federal Level: Legislative Framework
Reading Time: < 1 minuteDisponible en français. Conflict of interest management at the federal level has evolved significantly since the 1970s, with the introduction of a legal framework establishing a conflict of interest management regime for both houses of Parliament in 2004, the enactment of the Conflict of… Read More ›
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The Canadian Dollar: What Determines the Exchange Rate?
Reading Time: 6 minutesDisponible en français. From the beginning of World War II until 1950, and again from 1962 to 1970, the value of the Canadian dollar was fixed in relation to the U.S. dollar. The Bank of Canada was responsible for intervening… Read More ›