Recent Posts - page 9
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Executive Summary – Measuring Democracy
Reading Time: < 1 minuteDisponible en français. Measuring Democracy examines three widely used democracy indexes: those produced by Freedom House, the Economist Intelligence Unit, and Varieties of Democracy (V‑Dem). This HillStudy explains how these indexes work, how each index evaluates the state of democracy in Canada, how they differ from each other and some possible limitations of… Read More ›
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Executive Summary – Section 15 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms: The Development of the Supreme Court of Canada’s Approach to Equality Rights Under the Charter
Reading Time: 2 minutesDisponible en français. Section 15 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms sets out the right to equal protection and equal benefit of the law without discrimination. The Supreme Court of Canada (the Court) has consistently interpreted this right as protecting substantive equality. This means that laws – as well as government activities and policies – must not simply treat people the same. Instead, the effect… Read More ›
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Executive Summary – Conflict of Interest at the Federal Level: Legislative Framework
Reading Time: < 1 minuteDisponible en français. Conflict of interest management at the federal level has evolved significantly since the 1970s, with the introduction of a legal framework establishing a conflict of interest management regime for both houses of Parliament in 2004, the enactment of the Conflict of… Read More ›
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The Canadian Dollar: What Determines the Exchange Rate?
Reading Time: 6 minutesDisponible en français. From the beginning of World War II until 1950, and again from 1962 to 1970, the value of the Canadian dollar was fixed in relation to the U.S. dollar. The Bank of Canada was responsible for intervening… Read More ›
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R. v. Tayo Tompouba: The Judge as “Ultimate Guardian” of the Accused’s Language Rights
Reading Time: 6 minutesDisponible en français. In May 2024, the Supreme Court of Canada ordered a new trial in French for an accused who had not been informed of his right to be tried in the official language of his choice. The accused… Read More ›
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Recent Evolution of Canadian Immigration Policy
Reading Time: 8 minutesNote: This publication was updated in July, 2025: Recent Evolution of Canadian Immigration Policy Disponible en français. Under Section 94 of the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act, which came into effect 28 June 2002, the Minister of Citizenship and Immigration… Read More ›
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Executive Summary – Canada’s Retirement Income System
Reading Time: 2 minutesDisponible en français. The purpose of Canada’s retirement income system is twofold: to alleviate poverty among seniors and to help seniors who are better off to avoid significant declines in living standards when they retire. This HillStudy outlines the different… Read More ›
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Co-operative Housing in Canada
Reading Time: 8 minutesDisponible en français. A rental housing co-operative (co-op) is a non-profit corporation in which each member-resident owns one share. A form of community housing, rental co-ops are democratically governed by their members, who may also participate in management and operational… Read More ›
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Celebrating Indigenous-Led Data Initiatives
Reading Time: 6 minutesDisponible en français. On 21 June, National Indigenous Peoples Day, communities across Canada hold events to celebrate Indigenous cultures and contributions. To mark the occasion, this HillNote provides information about research and data collected about Indigenous Peoples, Indigenous data sovereignty, the… Read More ›
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Canadian Women in Diplomacy
Reading Time: 6 minutesDisponible en français. On 20 June 2022, the United Nations (UN) General Assembly adopted resolution 76/269, declaring June 24 of each year the International Day of Women in Diplomacy. The UN resolution recognizes the contributions that women make to diplomacy; it notes… Read More ›
Featured Categories
Gender Equality ›
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The Women, Peace and Security Agenda at 25 Years
December 8, 2025
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LGBTQI+ Refugees in Canada
November 6, 2025
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Women in the Parliament of Canada: Beyond the Numbers
September 25, 2025