Reading Time: 2 minutes Disponible en français. Trafficking in persons is an increasingly pressing issue in global migration policy, particularly in the wake of the COVID‑19 pandemic that has exacerbated many contributing factors. The United Nations describes trafficking in persons as “the recruitment, transportation,… Read More ›
criminal code
Executive Summary – Medical Assistance in Dying: The Law in Selected Jurisdictions Outside Canada
Reading Time: 2 minutes Disponible en français. Over the last few decades, movements have arisen in several jurisdictions around the world to legalize medical assistance in dying. Until recently, only a few jurisdictions permitted medical assistance in dying, including Oregon, Washington State, Vermont, the… Read More ›
Executive Summary – Wrongful Convictions in Canada
Reading Time: < 1 minute Disponible en français. In Canada’s criminal justice system, people are sometimes found guilty of crimes that they did not commit. These errors are known as wrongful convictions. The number of wrongful convictions in Canada is unknown. In part, this is because… Read More ›
Executive Summary – Bilingualism in Canada’s Court System: The Role of the Federal Government
Reading Time: 2 minutes Disponible en français. There are various rules governing the use of French and English within the Canadian judicial system. This Background Paper focuses on the federal government’s role in the matter, looking particularly at the issues relating to bilingualism within the Canadian court system. There are a number of different acts that govern the administration of justice in the two official… Read More ›
Corruption: Defining, Measuring and Addressing
Reading Time: 5 minutes (Disponible en français : La corruption : la définir, la mesurer et y faire échec) International Anti-Corruption Day occurs on 9 December annually, bringing awareness to the global issue of corruption. Because government spending related to the COVID-19 pandemic may… Read More ›
Executive Summary – Indigenous People and Sentencing in Canada
Reading Time: 3 minutes (Disponible en français : Résumé – Les peuples autochtones et la détermination de la peine au Canada) Indigenous people are incarcerated at a much higher rate than non-Indigenous individuals in Canada, and the gap between the incarceration rates for these… Read More ›
Executive Summary – Sentencing in Canada
Reading Time: 3 minutes (Disponible en français : Résumé – La détermination de la peine au Canada) The appropriate sentence for a crime is a hotly contested topic. Some people feel that more weight should be given to the objectives of deterrence and punishment,… Read More ›
Executive Summary – Sanctions: The Canadian and International Architecture
Reading Time: < 1 minute (Disponible en français : Résumé – Sanctions : l’architecture canadienne et internationale) Sanctions are measures implemented by governments to restrict or prohibit certain types of interactions with a foreign state, individual or entity. Governments impose sanctions in pursuit of foreign… Read More ›
Executive Summary – Assisted Dying in Canada After Carter v. Canada
Reading Time: 3 minutes (Disponible en français : Résumé – L’aide médicale à mourir au Canada après l’arrêt Carter c. Canada) In February 2015, the Supreme Court of Canada released Carter v. Canada (Attorney General) (the Carter decision), an important decision about the law on assisted dying. The… Read More ›
Efforts to Combat Snow Washing: Canada Moves Towards a Beneficial Ownership Registry
Reading Time: 4 minutes (Disponible en français : Lutte au blanchiment à la neige : les premiers pas du Canada vers un registre des bénéficiaires effectifs) Beneficial Ownership and Money Laundering When a criminal activity generates substantial profits, the individual or group involved inevitably attempts… Read More ›